In this study, the rendering of verbal expression in the translation of fictitious voices in literature is viewed in its entirety on the basis of original German and Spanish texts. Eight key works, including stories, novels, and plays from the last fifty years and their translations into other languages (English, French, Portuguese, Catalan, and Rumanian), have been examined in order to deduce the means of verbal expression and the chain of variation elements that evoke and simulate orality in written texts.

Jenny Brumme, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.