Focusing on five key themes - hydrocarbons, electricity, mining, social license to operate, and arbitration/dispute resolution- via in-depth country and regional case studies, this book seeks to capture the contrasting and sometimes conflicting trends in energy governance in Latin America as it wrestles with a dependence on fossil fuels whilst shifting toward a low carbon future.

 Energy transition continues to sit at the centre of the Latin American policy debate as the world continues to push for carbon neutrality by 2050. Latin America is undergoing a renewable energy transition, with substantial reserves (solar, wind, hydro, geothermal) and many countries in the region setting ambitious renewable energy policies, laws, and regulations to address climate change. However, recent initiatives to promote renewables must be placed in context. Historically, Latin America has developed and improved its economic and social standards due primarily to an economy based on the extractive industries and fossil fuels. This places renewables at the crossroads of multiple drivers, as the region seek to ensure security of supply, attract investment, and facilitate a low carbon energy transition.

Geoffrey Wood is a Lecturer in Energy Law at Stirling University Law School, UK. He holds a PhD in Energy Law from the Centre for Energy Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy (CEPMLP) at the University of Dundee. An interdisciplinary energy and environmental law, policy and regulatory specialist, his research focuses on optimising sustainable energy transitions. Geoffrey has published over 40 articles, books, chapters and other publications, and has lectured, researched and consulted for various organisations in the UK and abroad.

Juan Felipe Neira- Castro works at the National Hydrocarbons Agency (ANH), the administrator of the hydrocarbon resources of Colombia based in Bogotá. Previously, Juan was a Lecturer in Sustainable Development and Energy Policy at the Mining and Energy Law Department at Externado University, Bogotá. He holds an LLM in Petroleum Law and Policy, an MSc in International Oil and Gas Management and a PhD in Energy Law from the Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy (CEPMLP), all from the University of Dundee, Scotland. He has published extensively in areas such as gas regulation in Colombia, unconventional hydrocarbons and energy transition. He has advised international and government entities on public policy and regulatory affairs.

Part I: Introduction.- Chapter 1:-Latin America: Renewables at the Crossroads of Multiple Drivers.- Chapter 2:-Transformation of Energy Law in Latin America: Towards a Sustainable.- Part II: Hydrocarbons, Electricity and Mining.- Chapter 3:-The Peruvian Renewable Energy Experiment: Lessons for Policymakers.- Chapter 4:-Searching for Security of Energy Supply through renewable energy sources: A practical overview of the Chilean case.- Chapter 5:-Venezuela: Petroleum Industry and Regulation.- Chapter 6:-The Mexican Energy Transition.- Chapter 7:-Energy Transition in Argentina: Past, Present and Future Chapter 9         Energy Transition in the Peruvian Mining Sector: Regulatory Approach or Just Private Self-Regulation?.- Chapter 8:-The Important Role of Mining within the Energy Transition: The Case of the Lithium Sector in Argentina.- Part III: Social License to Operate and Dispute Resolution Mechanisms.- Chapter 10:-Social Licensing to Operateand Social Justice in Energy Transition: The Case of Brazil.- Chapter 11:-Social License to Operate: A Review of the Colombian Case.- Chapter 12:-Peruvian Regulations for Renewable Energy Resources: An Analysis of the Regime based on Artbitration Awards.- Chapter 13:-Energy Transition in Latin American Countries and the Conflicts Associated with Such Transitions.- Part IV: Epilogue.- Chapter 14:-TBC.