Since Somalia, the international community has found itself changing its view of humanitarian intervention. Operations designed to alleviate suffering and achieve peace sometimes produce damaging results. The United Nations, nongovernmental organizations, military and civilian agencies alike find themselves in the midst of confusion and weakness where what they seek are clarity and stability. Competing needs, rights, and values can obscure even the best international efforts to quell violence and assuage crises of poverty. More attention must be paid to the complexity of issues and moral dilemmas involved. This volume of original essays by international policy leaders, practitioners, and scholars brings together insights into the conflicting moral pressures present in different kinds of interventions ranging from Rwanda and Somalia to Haiti, Cambodia, and Bosnia. From their various cultural and professional perspectives the authors cover issues of human rights, sanctions, arms trade, refugees, HIV, and the media. Together they make the case that, although there are no easy answers, moral reflection and content can improve the quality of decisionmaking and intervention in internal conflicts. Published under the auspices of The International Committee of the Red Cross.

Jonathan Moore is a senior advisor to the administrator of the UN Development Program and associate at the Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics, and Public Policy at Harvard University.

Chapter 1 ForewordChapter 2 IntroductionChapter 3 From War and Peace to Violence and Intervention: Permanent Moral Dilemmas under Changing Political and Technological ConditionsChapter 4 Military Intervention and National Sovereignty: Recasting the RelationshipChapter 5 Peacekeeping, Military Intervention, and National Sovereignty in Internal Armed ConflictChapter 6 The End of Innocence: Rwanda 1994Chapter 7 Mixed Intervention in Somalia and the Great Lakes: Culture, Neutrality, and the MilitaryChapter 8 Military-Humanitarian Ambiguities in HaitiChapter 9 Weaving a New Society in Cambodia: The Story of MonathChapter 10 "You Save My Life Today, But for What Tomorrow?" Some Moral Dilemmas of Humanitarian AidChapter 11 Hard Choices after Genocide: Human Rights and Political Failures in RwandaChapter 12 Refugee Camps, Population Transfers, and NGOsChapter 13 Bringing War Criminals to Justice during an Ongoing WarChapter 14 Moral Reconstruction in the Wake of Human Rights Violations and War CrimesChapter 15 The Morality of SanctionsChapter 16 Moving in Vicious Circles: The Moral Dilemmas of Arms Transfers and Weapons ManufactureChapter 17 A Future, If One Is Still Alive: The Challenge of the HIV EpidemicChapter 18 The Stories We Tell: Television and Humanitarian AidChapter 19 Index