How do we think about architecture historically and theoretically?Forty Ways to Think about Architecture provides an introduction to some of the wide-ranging ways in which architectural history and theory are being approached today.

The inspiration for this project is the work of Adrian Forty, Professor of Architectural History at the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London (UCL), who has been internationally renowned as the UKs leading academic in the discipline for 40 years. Fortys many publications, notablyObjects of Desire (1986),Words and Buildings (2000) andConcrete and Culture (2012), have been crucial to opening up new approaches to architectural history and theory and have helped to establish entirely new areas of study. His teaching at The Bartlett has enthused a new generation about the exciting possibilities of architectural history and theory as a field.

This collection takes in a total of 40 essays covering key subjects, ranging from memory and heritage to everyday life, building materials and city spaces. As well as critical theory, philosophy, literature and experimental design, it refers to more immediate and topical issues in the built environment, such as globalisation, localism, regeneration and ecologies. Concise and engaging entries reflect on architecture from a range of perspectives.

Contributors include eminent historians and theorists from elsewhere such as Jean-Louis Cohen, Briony Fer, Hilde Heynen, Mary McLeod, Griselda Pollock, Penny Sparke and Anthony Vidler as well as Fortys colleagues from the Bartlett School of Architecture including Iain Borden, Murray Fraser, Peter Hall, Barbara Penner, Jane Rendell and Andrew Saint.Forty Ways to Think about Architecture also features contributions from distinguished architects, such as Tony Fretton, Jeremy Till and Sarah Wigglesworth, and well-known critics and architectural writers, such as Tom Dyckhoff, William Menking and Thomas Weaver. Many of the contributors are former students of Adrian Forty.

Through these diverse essays, readers are encouraged to think about how architectural history and theory relates to their own research and design practices, thus using the work of Adrian Forty as a catalyst for fresh and innovative thinking about architecture as a subject.

Iain Borden is Professor of Architecture and Urban Culture at the Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL, where he is also Director of Architectural History& Theory and the Vice-Dean of Communications for the wider Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment.

Murray Fraser is Professor of Architecture and Global Culture at the Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL, where he acts as the Vice-Dean of Research for the Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment.

Barbara Penner is Senior Lecturer in Architectural History at the Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL, where she is Programme Director for both the PhD Architectural History& Theory and BSc Architectural and Interdisciplinary Studies.

Acknowledgements 7

Introduction 8

Adrian Forty, Future Imperfect: Inaugural Professorial Lecture, delivered at UCL in December 2000 17

1ANDREW SAINT, How To Write About Buildings? 33

2ANNE HULTZSCH, Pevsner vs Colomina: Word and Image on the Page 36

3ANTHONY VIDLER, Smooth and Rough: Tactile Brutalism 43

4BARBARA PENNER, Homely Affi nities 48

5BEN CAMPKIN, On Regeneration 54

6BRIAN STATER, Fresh Reactions to St Pauls Cathedral 60

7BRIONY FER, Photographs and Buildings (mainly) 65

8DAVID DUNSTER, Stirlings Voice: A Detailed Suggestion 72

9DAVIDE DERIU, Carte Blanche? 77

10ELEANOR YOUNG, Buildings: A Readers Guide 83

11GRISELDA POLLOCK, The City and the Event: Disturbing, Forgetting and Escaping Memory 89

12HILDE HEYNEN, The Most Modern Material Of Them All 95

13 IAIN BORDEN, Things that People Cannot Anticipate: Skateboarding at the Southbank Centre 100

14IRENA ?ANTOVSKÁ MURRAY, Truth, Love, Life: Building with Language in Prague Castle under Masaryk 106

15JAN BIRKSTED, Le Corbusier: Lies, Damned Lies and Statistics 112

16JANE RENDELL, During Breakfast 119

17JEAN-LOUIS COHEN, [American] Objects of [Soviet] Desire 127

18JEREMY MELVIN, Words and Buildings 134

19JEREMY TILL, Slow Hard Look 140

20JOE KERR, Topography, Biography and Architecture 144

21JOHN MACARTHUR, Of Character and Concrete: The Historians Material 150

22JONATHAN CHARLEY, Spectres of Marx in City X 155

23JONATHAN HILL, History by Design 163

24KESTER RATTENBURY, Angel Place: A Way in to Dickenss London 168

25LAURENT STALDER, On Sachlichkeit: Some Additional Remarks on an Anglo-German Encounter 174

26MARK SWENARTON, Double Vision 180

27MARY MCLEOD, Modernism 185

28MICHAEL EDWARDS, Yes, And We Have No Dentists 193

29MURRAY FRASER, Reyner Banhams Hat 197

30PEG RAWES, Situated Architectural Historical Ecologies 204

31PENNY SPARKE, Objects 210

32SIR PETER HALL, Richard Llewelyn Davies, 19121981: A Lost Vision for The Bartlett 214

33SARAH WIGGLESWORTH, Things Ungrand 220

34 TANIA SENGUPTA, Minor Spaces in Officers Bungalows of Colonial Bengal 224

35THOMAS WEAVER, Memoirs of Adrian 235

36TOM DYCKHOFF, All That Glitters 239

37TONY FRETTON, A Response to Words and Buildings 243

38VICTORIA PERRY, Material Culture: Manchester of the East, Le Corbusier, Eames and Indian Jeans 249

39WILLIAM MENKING, Mr Mumfords Neighbourhood 254

40YAT MING LOO, Banyan Tree and Migrant Cities: Some Provisional Thoughts for a Strategic Postcolonial Cosmopolitanism 259

Author Biographies 266

Index 275

Photo credits 280