The UN's record in peace operations is long, various, distinguished by both accomplishments and failures, and most importantly, innovative. Unfulfilled expectations and escalating violence in Somalia, Rwanda, and Bosnia forced retrenchment upon UN peace operations_but at the same time, a new opportunity to enhance capacities, review strategies, redefine roles, and reaffirm responsibilities has opened up. Here, a dynamic group of leading diplomats, academics, and journalists combines forces with UN policymakers and leaders including current Secretary-General Kofi Annan and former Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali to explore how the international community can improve its practice in negotiating and implementing peace. They look at what works and what doesn't in UN peacemaking and peacekeeping, and then map out alternative futures for UN action in the 21st century.

Olara A. Otunnu is president of the International Peace Academy Michael W. Doyle is professor of politics and international affairs in the Woodrow Wilson School and director of graduate studies in the politics department of Princeton University, as well as a former vice president and current senior fellow of the International Peace Academy.

Chapter 1 ForewordChapter 2 Introduction: Discovering the Limits and Potential of PeacekeepingChapter 3 Fifty Years of Peacemaking and PeacekeepingChapter 4 Peacemaking and Peacekeeping for the New CenturyChapter 5 Communal Conflict as a Challenge to International Organization: The Case of the Former YugoslaviaChapter 6 Preventing Deadly ConflictChapter 7 Preventive Action and Conflict ResolutionChapter 8 Preventive Diplomacy and Peacemaking: The UN ExperienceChapter 9 Peacekeeping, Peace Enforcement and the Use of ForceChapter 10 Under What Circumstances Should the UN Intervene Militarily in a Domestic Crisis?Chapter 11 Dabbling in War: The Dilemma of the Use of Force in United Nations InterventionChapter 12 Challenges of the New PeacekeepingChapter 13 Prospects for a Rapid Response Capability: A DialogueChapter 14 Humanitarian ProtectionChapter 15 Humanitarian Action and PeacekeepingChapter 16 Humanitarian Responses to International EmergenciesChapter 17 Regional DimensionsChapter 18 The Failed State and Political Collapse in AfricaChapter 19 The OAU Role in Conflict ManagementChapter 20 The Contribution of Regional Organizations in EuropeChapter 21 PeacebuildingChapter 22 A Holistic Approach to Building PeaceChapter 23 Conclusion