This work was written during my visits at CORE (Belgium), at the Faculty of Economics and Politics in Cambridge (England), and at the Department of Mathematics at the ETH in ZUrich. I wish to thank J.H. Dr~ze (CORE) for most help ful suggestions, and I am indebted to H. BUhlmann (ETH) for his advice and for encouragement. The comments by M. Granzio1, M. Janssen and by anonymous referees were very useful. However, I assume the responsibility for remaining errors. I am grateful to R. Boller, I. Lather and M. Urfer for their careful typing of the manuscript. Support by the SWiss National Science Foundation is acknowledged. An earlier version of this work was presented at the European Meeting of the Econometric Society 1981 in Amsterdam. In 1981 it was accepted as a "Habi1itations schrift" in Mathematical Economics by the Department of Mathematics at the ETH in ZUrich. CONTENTS Introduction 1 Part I: The General Model 8 1.1. Formulation of the General Model 8 1.1.1. General Properties 8 1.1.2. The Consumer 10 1.1.3. The Producer 14 1.1.4. The Public Sector 16 Equilibrium 1.2.

InhaltsangabeI: The General Model.- I.1. Formulation of the General Model.- I.1.1. General Properties.- I.1.2. The Consumer.- I.1.3. The Producer.- I.1.4. The Public Sector.- I.2. Equilibrium.- I.2.1. Definition of an Equilibrium.- I.2.2. Walras Law.- I.3. Existence of Equilibria.- I.4. The Set of Equilibria and Relative Pareto Optima.- I.4.1. The Set of Equilibria.- I.4.2. The Set of Second Best Equilibria.- I.4.3. An Illustration.- I.5. First Best Pareto Optima.- II: The Three Commodity Model with Growth of Population.- II.1. Formulation of the Model.- II.1.1. General Properties.- II.1.2. The Consumer.- II.1.3. The Production.- II.1.4. The Public Sector.- II.2. Equilibrium.- II.2.1. Definition of an Equilibrium.- II.2.2. Walras Law.- II.3. Existence of Equilibria.- II.4. Further Results.- II.5. Comparative Statics.- II.6. Examples.- III: Appendix (Proofs).- References.