In contrast to two-person constellations, there is reason to question the definition of the term 'employer' in cases involving third parties. The third party performs employer functions alongside the contractual employer, which raises the question of how he can be covered by the term 'employer'. The various approaches are presented and categorised in the thesis.

Philipp Schneider studied law at the Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg im Breisgau. After completing his First Legal Examination in January 2019, he worked as a research assistant at the Institute for Business Law, Labour and Social Law, Department II, headed by Prof. Dr. Sebastian Krebber, LL.M. (Georgetown) at the Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg im Breisgau until March 2023. His dissertation was also supervised by Prof. Dr. Sebastian Krebber, LL.M. (Georgetown). Since April 2023 he has been a trainee lawyer at the Higher Regional Court of Karlsruhe.