This volume is devoted to descriptions of non medical as well as medical uses for some drugs that have typically, or not so typically, been associated with drug abuse. One major objective of this book is to identify costs and benefits of drug abuse. The book highlights drugs including 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), cannabinoids, opioids and methylphenidate  because of their well-documented potential for abuse and provides new and emerging evidence of their potential to treat some chronic disease states alongside the potential consequences of exposure.

Preface.- Preclinical effects of antipsychotic drugs.- Contribution of Impulsivity and Serotonin Receptor Neuroadaptations to the development of an MDMA (ecstasy) Substance Use Disorder.- The Abuse Potential of Prescription Opioids in Humans Closing in on the First Century of Research.- Over-the-Counter codeine from therapeutic use to dependence, and the grey areas in between.- Injection of pharmaceuticals designed for oral use: Harms experienced and effective harm reduction through filtration.- Misuse of Methylphenidate.- Misuse and Associated Harms of Quetiapine, and Other Atypical Antipsychotics.- Benzodiazepines.-  Recent trends in alcohol and other drug use among police detainees in New Zealand, 20102015.- The Impact of Legalizing and Regulating Weed: Issues with Study Design and Emerging Findings in the U.S.