Social movements have played a vital role in Indian politics since well before the inception of India as a new nation in 1947. During the Nehruvian era, from Independence to Nehru's death in 1964, poverty alleviation was a foundational standard against which policy proposals and political claims were measured; at this time, movement activism was directly accountable to this state discourse. However, the role of social movements in India has shifted during the last several decades to accompany a changed political focusfrom state to market and from reigning ideologies of secularism to credos of religious nationalism. In the first volume to focus on poverty and class in its analysis of social movements, a group of leading India scholars shows how social movements have had to change because poverty reduction no longer serves its earlier role as a political template. Nonetheless, particular sectors of social movement politics remain the holding vessels for India's egalitarian conscience. With distinctive chapters on gender, lower castes, environment, the Hindu Right, Kerala, labor, farmers, and biotechnology,Social Movements in India will be attractive to students and researchers in many different disciplines.Contributions by: Amita Baviskar, Anuradha Chakravarty, Vivek Chibber, Gopal Guru, Patrick Heller, Ron Herring, Mary John, Mary Fainsod Katzenstein, Neema Kudva, Gail Omvedt, Raka Ray, and Tanika Sarkar.

Raka Ray is associate professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of California, Berkeley.Mary Fainsod Katzenstein is professor in the Department of Government at Cornell University.

Introduction: In the Beginning, There Was the Nehruvian StateChapter 1: From Class Compromise to Class Accommodation: Labor's Incorporation into the Indian Political EconomyChapter 2: Problems of Social Power and the Discourses of the Hindu RightChapter 3: Reinventing Public Power in the Age of Globalization: The Transformation of Movement Politics in KeralaChapter 4: Feminism, Poverty, and the Emergent Social OrderChapter 5: Who Are The Country's Poor? Social Movement Politics and Dalit PovertyChapter 6: Red in Tooth and Claw? Looking for Class in Struggles over NatureChapter 7: Farmer's Movements and the Debate on Poverty and Economic Reforms in IndiaChapter 8: Miracle Seeds, Suicide Seeds, and the Poor: GMOs, NGOs, Farmers and the StateChapter 9: Strong States, Strong NGOs