This companion is the first book of its kind to focus on the whole of European Romanticism.

Describes the way in which the Romantic Movement swept across Europe in the early nineteenth century.Covers the national literatures of France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia and Spain.Addresses common themes that cross national borders, such as orientalism, Napoleon, night, nature, and the prestige of the fragment.Includes cross-disciplinary essays on literature and music, literature and painting, and the general system of Romantic arts.Features 35 essays in all, from leading scholars in America, Australia, Britain, France, Italy, and Switzerland.

Michael Ferber is Professor of English and Humanities at the University of New Hampshire. His previous publications includeThe Social Vision of William Blake (1985),The Poetry of William Blake (1991),The Poetry of Shelley (1993),A Dictionary of Literary Symbols (1999), and an anthology,European Romantic Poetry (2005).

Notes on Contributors viii

Introduction 1Michael Ferber

1 On Pre-Romanticism or Sensibility: Defining Ambivalences 10Inger S. B. Brodey

2 Shakespeare and European Romanticism 29Heike Grundmann

3 Scottish Romanticism and Scotland in Romanticism 49Fiona Stafford

4 Byrons Influence on European Romanticism 67Peter Cochran

5 The Infinite Imagination: Early Romanticism in Germany 86Susan Bernofsky

6 From Autonomous Subjects to Self-regulating Structures: Rationality and Development in German Idealism 101Thomas Pfau

7 German Romantic Fiction 123Roger Paulin

8 The Romantic Fairy Tale 138Kari Lokke

9 German Romantic Drama 157Frederick Burwick

10 Early French Romanticism 172Fabienne Moore

11 The Poetry of Loss: Lamartine, Musset, and Nerval 192Jonathan Strauss

12 Victor Hugos Poetry 208E. H. and A. M. Blackmore

13 French Romantic Drama 224Barbara T. Cooper

14 Romantic Poetics in an Italian Context 238Piero Garofalo

15 Ugo Foscolo and Giacomo Leopardi: Italys Classical Romantics 256Margaret Brose

16 Spanish Romanticism 276Derek Flitter

17 Pushkin and Romanticism 293Michael Basker

18 Lermontov: Romanticism on the Brink of Realism 309Robert Reid

19 Adam Mickiewicz and the Shape of Polish Romanticism 326Roman Koropeckyj

20 The Revival of the Ode 345John Hamilton

21 Unfinishd Sentences: The Romantic Fragment 360Elizabeth Wanning Harries

22 Romantic Irony 376Jocelyne Kolb

23 Sacrality and the Aesthetic in the Early Nineteenth Century 393Virgil Nemoianu

24 Nature 413James C. McKusick

25 Romanticism and Capitalism 433Robert Sayre and Michael Löwy

26 Napoleon and European Romanticism 450Simon Bainbridge

27 Orientalism 467Diego Saglia

28 A Continent of Corinnes: The Romantic Poetess and the Diffusion of Liberal Culture in Europe, 1815-50 486Patrick Vincent

29 Lighting Up Night 505Lilian R. Furst

30 Romantic Opera 522Benjamin Walton

31 At Home with German Romantic Song 538James Parsons

32 The Romantic System of the Arts 552Michael Ferber

Index 571