Preface xiAmal EL FALLAH SEGHROUCHNI, Fuyuki ISHIKAWA and Kenji TEI
Introduction xviiAmal EL FALLAH SEGHROUCHNI, Fuyuki ISHIKAWA and Kenji TEI
Chapter 1. Shared Wireless Sensor Networks as Enablers for a Context Management System in Smart Cities 1Kenji TEI
1.1. Introduction 1
1.2. Background 3
1.3. XAC middleware 5
1.3.1. Architecture of XAC middleware 6
1.4. Task-description language 7
1.4.1. Existing solutions 8
1.4.2. XAC middleware solutions 10
1.5. Runtime task management 12
1.5.1. Existing solutions 12
1.5.2. XAC middleware solutions 14
1.6. Self-adaptation 16
1.6.1. Existing solutions 17
1.6.2. XAC middleware solutions 17
1.7. Discussion 18
1.8. Conclusion 19
1.9 Bibliography 19
Chapter 2. Sensorizer: An Architecture for Regenerating Cyber-physical Data Streams from the Web 23Jin NAKAZAWA
2.1. Introduction 23
2.2. Sensorizer architecture 25
2.2.1. Sensing process of EWC 25
2.2.2. Sensorizer architecture 25
2.3. Implementation 27
2.3.1. Sensorizer browser extension 27
2.3.2. Probe 28
2.3.3. Sensorizer/SoX API 29
2.4. Case of sensorized smart cities 29
2.5. Conclusion 32
2.6. Bibliography 32
Chapter 3. Smart Agent Foundations: From Planning to Spatio-temporal Guidance 33Ahmed-Chawki CHAOUCHE, Amal EL FALLAH SEGHROUCHNI, Jean-Michel ILIÉ and Djamel Eddine SAÏDOUNI
3.1. Introduction 33
3.2. Smart-campus: use case and scenario 35
3.2.1. Smart-campus architecture 36
3.2.2. Scenario 37
3.3. Description of the software architecture for a smart ambient agent 37
3.4. Higher order agent model 38
3.4.1. Application to the scenario 39
3.5. Description of the concurrent planner based on AgLOTOS language 40
3.5.1. Agent plan structure 40
3.5.2. Syntax of AgLOTOS plans 42
3.5.3. Building of the agent plan from the intentions 44
3.5.4. Planning state of the agent 45
3.6. Contextual planning guidance 45
3.6.1. Semantics of AgLOTOS plans 46
3.6.2. Contextual planning system 48
3.6.3. Application to the scenario 50
3.7. Spatio-temporal guidance from past experiences 52
3.7.1. Contextual planning architecture 52
3.7.2. Learning actions from past experiences 53
3.7.3. Spatio-temporal guidance 58
3.8. Conclusion 61
3.9. Bibliography 62
Chapter 4. A Multi-Agent Middleware for Deployment of Ambient Applications 65Ferdinand PIETTE, Amal EL FALLAH SEGHROUCHNI, Patrick TAILLIBERT, Costin CAVAL and CÉDRIC DINONT
4.1. Introduction 65
4.2. Challenges for ambient intelligence and Internet of Things 67
4.2.1. Toward the heterogeneity of hardware and protocols 67
4.2.2. Data transport and processing 69
4.2.3. Management of data privacy 71
4.3. Deployment of applications for ambient systems 73
4.3.1. Reasoning about heterogeneity 73
4.3.2. Graph modeling 74
4.3.3. Mathematical formalization of the deployment process 76
4.3.4. Modified graph-matching algorithm 81
4.3.5. Conclusion 85
4.4. Multi-agent middleware for ambient systems 86
4.4.1. Scenario 87
4.4.2. Multi-agent modeling 88
4.4.3. Distributed reasoning 92
4.4.4. Design and implementation 96
4.5. Conclusion 102
4.6. Bibliography 103
Chapter 5. ClouT: Cloud of Things for Empowering Citizens Clout in Smart Cities 107Kenji TEI, Levent GÜREEN and TAKURO YONEZAWA
5.1. Objective of the ClouT project 107
5.2. Goal of the ClouT project 109
5.3. ClouT concept 110
5.3.1. CIaaS concept 112
5.3.2. CPaaS concept 115
5.3.3. CSaaS concept 117
5.4. ClouT reference architecture 118
5.4.1. CIaaS components 118
5.4.2. CPaaS components 120
5.4.3. Security and Dependability components 121
5.5. Mapping the architecture 122
5.6. Conclusion 125
5.7. Bibliography 126
Chapter 6. sensiNact IoT Platform as a Service 127Levent GÜRGEN, Christophe MUNILLA, Rémi DRUILHE, Etienne GANDRILLE and Jander BOTELHO DO NASCIMENTO
6.1. Introduction 128
6.2. State of the art 130
6.2.1. IoT solutions architectures 130
6.2.2. Existing IoT platforms 131
6.3. Architecture and data model 133
6.4. Platform security management 138
6.5. The sensiNact studio 140
6.5.1. Graphical user interface 141
6.5.2. Creating applications 143
6.5.3. Application deployment 144
6.6. Conclusion 146
6.7. Bibliography 146
Chapter 7. Verification and Configuration of Smart Space Applications 149Fuyuki ISHIKAWA and Shinichi HONIDEN
7.1. Introduction 149
7.2. Conflicts in smart space applications 150
7.2.1. Event-driven control of smart spaces 150
7.2.2. Description of event-driven behavior 151
7.2.3. Conflicts in event-driven control 151
7.2.4. Application of model checking techniques 153
7.3. Framework for verifying and configuring smart space applications 154
7.3.1. Overview 154
7.3.2. Semantic model 155
7.3.3. Definition of state transition model 158
7.3.4. Properties to verify 159
7.3.5. Implementation 160
7.3.6. Model checker implementation 161
7.4. Case study 161
7.4.1. Scenario and initial specification 161
7.4.2. Analyzing sound conflicts 162
7.4.3. Further scenarios 164
7.5. Related work 164
7.6. Concluding remarks 165
7.7. Acknowledgments 166
7.8. Bibliography 166
Chapter 8. SmartSantander: A Massive Self-Managed, Scalable and Interconnected IoT Deployment 169José Antonio GALACHE, Juan Ramón SANTANA and Luis MUÑOZ
8.1. Introduction 169
8.2. SmartSantander: novel architecture for service provision and experimentation 170
8.3. SmartSantander deployment: use cases 173
8.4. SmartSantander interacting with ClouT 175
8.4.1. IoT device naming 176
8.4.2. IoT device description 177
8.4.3. IoT resource manager 181
8.4.4. Virtualization module 182
8.5. Conclusions 184
8.6. Bibliography 185
Chapter 9. Using Context-aware Multi-agent Systems for Robust Smart City Infrastructure 187Andrei OLARU, Adina Magda FLOREA and Amal EL FALLAH SEGHROUCHNI
9.1. Introduction 187
9.1.1. Smart cities and ambient intelligence 188
9.2. Requirements 189
9.2.1. Information at the right time 191
9.2.2. Robustness, reliability, dependability and trust 192
9.2.3. Privacy and personal information 192
9.3. Solutions for managing context information 193
9.3.1. Related work and projects 193
9.3.2. A local solution for a global result 195
9.4. MAS-based application-independent middleware 196
9.4.1. Architecture 198
9.4.2. Generality of the design 203
9.4.3. Resilience in case of failures 203
9.5. Conclusion 204
9.6. Bibliography 204
Chapter 10. City of Santander 207Sonia SOTERO MUÑIZ and José Antonio TEIXEIRA VITIENES
10.1. Introduction 207
10.2. ClouT project 210
10.2.1. Participatory sensing for city management 211
10.2.2. Traffic mobility management 215
10.2.3. Conclusions 219
10.3. Bibliography 220
Chapter 11. Fujisawa, Towards a Sustainable Smart City 221Takuro YONEZAWA
11.1. Introduction 221
11.1.1. Sensorized garbage trucks 222
11.1.2. Enoshima Info Surfboard 223
11.1.3. Smile Coupon 224
11.2. Architecture and application domains 225
11.2.1. Architecture with ClouT components 225
11.2.2. Components for implementation 226
11.2.3. Interaction among components 227
11.2.4. Development scenario 228
11.2.5. Design and implementation 229
11.3. Results 236
11.4. Conclusion 237
11.5. Bibliography 237
List of Authors 239
Index 241
