Given the rapidly developing area of evolutionary medicine and public health, The Arc of Life examines ways in which research conducted by biological anthropologists can enrich our understanding of variation in human health outcomes. The book aims not only to showcase the perspective that biological anthropologists bring to the burgeoning field of evolutionary medicine, but to underscore the context of human life history -- especially the concept of evolutionary trade-offs and the ensuing biological processes that can affect health status over the life course. This dual emphasis on life history theory and life cycle biology will make for a valuable and unique, yet complementary, addition to books already available on the subject of evolution and health. The book consolidates diverse lines of research within the field of biological anthropology, stimulates new directions for future research, and facilitates communication between subdisciplines of human biology operating at the forefront of evolutionary medicine.?

Diana S. Sherry, PhD: Dr. Sherry is a biological anthropologist with primary research interests in metabolic health and reproductive ecology and physiology. She has studied the nutritional ecology of Hadza hunter-gatherers in relation to seasonal resource availability as well as the effects of body weight and insulin levels on the reproductive hormones of Samoan women in the context of a modernizing society. Dr. Sherry is currently working on a book project in which she describes how modern environments can disrupt ancient physiology, leading to cumulative dysregulation across multiple systems. On leave this year from her faculty position as Science Scholar-in-Residence at the Institute of Liberal Arts& Interdisciplinary Studies at Emerson College in Boston, Dr. Sherry maintains an active affiliation with the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University. Grazyna Jasienska, PhD: Dr. Jasienska is a biological anthropologist whose research interests include reproductive ecology, human fertility, life history, and the implications of evolutionary biology for medicine and public health. She has recently completed a book on the subject of evolutionary medicine entitled The Fragile Wisdom: An Evolutionary View on Women's Biology and Health, currently in press by Harvard University Press. Dr. Jasienska's research investigates the interactive effects of genetic, developmental and lifestyle determinants of variation in human reproductive function at both the population and individual level. Most of her research takes place in rural Poland, where she directs the Mogielica Human Ecology Study Site (Beskid Wyspowy range). Dr. Jasienska is a Professor at the Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Krakow, Poland and a Visiting Fellow at the Department of Anthropology at Yale University. Donna J. Holmes, PhD: Dr. Holmes is an evolutionary biologist specializing in the comparative biology of aging whose main research interests focus on the evolution of lifespan and female reproductive aging across species, including humans. Recent research projects have centered on the developmental and physiological trade-offs between reproduction, longevity, and health, including a comparative study on the prevention of aging-related oxidative damage to cells and tissues. Dr. Holmes has edited special-topics issues for AGE: Journal of the American Aging Society and currently serves on the editorial board. She is also currently covering the topic of aging as Section Editor for Elsevier's third edition of the Encyclopedia of Human Biology. Dr. Holmes is an Associate Research Professor in the School of Biological Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology at Washington State University in Pullman, Washington.

Contents 1. IntroductionDonna J. Holmes, Grazyna Jasienska and Diana Sherry 2. Intergenerational Memories of Past Nutritional Deprivation: The Phenotypic Inertia ModelChristopher W. Kuzawa and Ruby L. Fried 3. Modeling Developmental Plasticity in Human Growth: Buffering the Past or Predicting the Future?Jonathan Wells and Rufus Johnstone 4. Development of Human Sociosexual BehaviorPeter B. Gray and Matthew H. McIntyre 5. Evolutionary Perspectives on Teen Motherhood: How Young Is Too Young?Karen L. Kramer 6. Health, Evolution, and Reproductive Strategies in Men: New Hypotheses and DirectionsRichard G. Bribiescas and Erin E. Burke 7. Immunity, Hormones and Life History Trade-OffsMichael P. Muehlenbein 8. Thyroid Disorders At Midlife: An Evolutionary PerspectiveLynnette Leidy Sievert 9. Womens Health in the Post-menopausal AgeDonna J. Holmes 10. Costs of Reproduction, Health and Lifespan in WomenGrazyna Jasienska 11. From Novel To Extreme: Contemporary Environments and Physiologic DysfunctionDiana Sherry